Microdiscectomy Surgery Guide

What Is Microdiscectomy?

Microdiscectomy is a minimally invasive procedure to remove a herniated disc fragment that is compressing a spinal nerve, causing sciatica — shooting pain, numbness, or weakness down the leg. Using a surgical microscope through a small incision, the surgeon removes only the portion of disc pressing on the nerve while preserving the rest of the disc and spinal structures.

Who Needs It?

Microdiscectomy is recommended when:
• Sciatica persists after 6-12 weeks of conservative treatment
• Progressive neurological deficit (worsening weakness or numbness)
• Cauda equina syndrome (emergency — loss of bowel/bladder control)
• Severe pain that prevents normal daily function

Cost

Microdiscectomy costs $15,000 to $35,000 before insurance. As an outpatient procedure, costs are lower than inpatient spine surgery. Most insurance covers it when conservative treatment has failed.

Recovery

Day 1: Walking same day. Most go home same day or next morning.
Weeks 1-2: Walking encouraged. Light activities. No heavy lifting.
Weeks 2-4: Return to desk work. Driving resumes.
Weeks 4-6: Physical therapy. Progressive activity.
Month 3: Most patients fully recovered.

Frequently Asked Questions